[2018年12月四级翻译]2018年翻译资格英语笔译初级试题及答案

2018年翻译资格英语笔译初级试题及答案

　 汉译英

　　看电视与阅读

　　很明显，阅读的速度完全由读者决定。他可以按自己的能力和意愿读慢一点或读快一点。如果有什么他没读懂，他可以停下来再读一遍，或看一下注释说明再继续往下读。当阅读材料易懂或者不太有趣时，读者可以加快阅读速度;当它难懂或引人入胜时可以放慢速度。如果阅读的东西令人感动，他可以放下书停一会儿，调整一下情绪，而不必担心错过了什么。

　　电视的速度不能由看电视的人来控制;只有它的开始与结束在他的掌握中，因为他可以把开关打开或按下。他不能慢放一个令人愉快的节目，也不能快放一个令人乏味的节目。如果有一个字或一个词组没听懂，他也不能“倒回去”再听一次。节目无动于衷地进行着，而错过的就这样错过了，没看懂的也没机会看懂了。

　　看电视的人也不能像他在阅读时通常做的那样，将他接收到的材料转化为一种可能适合他的特殊感情需求的形式。图像变化得太快。他不可能用他的想象给电视中饰演的人和事赋予个人意义，以帮助他理解和解决自己生活中的关系和冲突;他被节目制作者的想象力控制住了。看电视时，眼睛和耳朵被稍纵即逝的图像和声音控制住了。

　　当一个人正在看电视时，如果有人——朋友，亲戚，小孩，可能是一个他很久没见过的人进入房间，他必须继续观看电视，不然就会乱了头绪。必须等一会儿再招呼客人，因为节目不会等人。当然，一本书可以被放在一旁，可能会有些惋惜，但不会有永久的损失。

　　参考译文

　　Viewing vs. Reading

　　The pace of reading, clearly, depends entirely upon the reader. He may read as slowly or as rapidly as he can or wishes to read. If he does not understand something, he may stop and reread it, or go in search of elucidation before continuing. The reader can accelerate his pace when the material is easy or less than interesting, and slow down when it is difficult or absorbing. If what he reads is moving, he can put down the book for a few moments and cope with his emotions without fear of losing anything①.

　　The pace of the television experience cannot be controlled by the viewer; only its beginning and end are within his control as he clicks the knob on and off. He cannot slow down a delightful program or speed up a dreary one. He cannot “turn back” if a word or phrase is not understood. The program moves inexorably forward, and what is lost or misunderstood remains so.

　　Nor can the television viewer readily transform the material he receives into a form that might suit his particular emotional needs, as he invariably does with material he reads. The images move too quickly. He cannot use his own imagination to invest the people and events portrayed on television with the personal meanings that would help him understand and resolve relationships and conflicts in his own life; he is under the power of the imagination of the show’s creators. In the television experience the eyes and ears are overwhelmed with the immediacy of sights and sounds.

　　If someone enters the room while one is watching television — a friend, a relative, a child, someone, perhaps, one has not seen for some time — one must continue to watch or one will lose the thread②. The greetings must wait, for the television program will not. A book, of course, can be set aside, with a little regret, perhaps, but with no sense of permanent loss.

汉译英

　　以个人魅力交流

　　发挥你的个人魅力来源于这样一个信念：即你可以用自己的方式实现自己的目标。有影响力的人赋予他人力量并鼓励他人公开表述自己的意见。发挥个人魅力通常体现在以下几个方面：

　　威信

　　威信是内在的信心，即坚信自己的技能和能力。它来自于内心，来自于“我能做好那件事”、“我会成功”的态度。当你维护你的权利，真诚地去寻求你的所需所想，并愿意为他人和自己做出奉献的时候，这种态度就会外露出来。

　　自信

　　自信表现为积极、直率和诚实。它表达了一种自尊和尊重他人的意愿。通过自信，我们视自己的需求和权利与他人的需要和权利是平等的。一个自信的人通过影响、倾听与讨论来赢取他人自愿的合作。

　　亲和力

　　一个有影响力的人是人际交往的大师。良好的人际交往会使你为人所知，使你周围有一个高层次的人际关系网，从他们那里你可以给予或获得支持与信息。把你自己想象成轮轴，周围由关系的辐条环绕。

　　形象

　　你可以通过你的形象来施加影响力。你想象过自己具有极强的领导能力的形象吗?站直，昂首挺胸地前进，记住，作为一个人你自身具有价值。当你与他人会面时，要直接接触，友好而有力地握手。清楚地表达你是谁，是做什么的。

　　交流习惯

　　深吸一口气，说出坚定的话语，避免使用俚语、行话，说话不要吞吞吐吐，否则会影响有效的交流。在必要时使用身体语言和手势，多则无益。要学会如何用笔头清晰而简洁地表达自己的思想感情。

　　参考译文

　　Communicating a Sense of Personal Power

　　Communicating a sense of personal power comes from a belief that you can reach your goals in your own way. Powerful people give others power and encourage others to express themselves openly. You communicate a sense of personal power by developing these traits:

　　Authority

　　Authority is inner confidence — a trust in your skills and abilities. It comes from the inside, from an attitude of “I can do that”. “I deserve success”.This attitude radiates outward as you assert your right, honestly ask for what you want and need, and develop a willingness to give to others and yourself.

　　Being self-assured

　　Self-assured behavior is active, direct, and honest. It communicates an impression of self-respect and respect for others.By being self-assured, we view our wants, needs, and rights as equal with those of others. A self-assured person wins by influencing, listening, and negotiating so that other people choose to cooperate willingly.

　　Accessibility

　　The powerful person is a master net worker. Good networking increases your visibility and gives you a valuable circle of people from whom you can give and receive support and information. Imagine yourself as the center of a wheel surrounded by spokes of contacts.

　　Image

　　You communicate power through your image. Do you project an image consistent with strong leadership①? Stand tall and walk proudly, remembering that you have value as a person. When you meet others, make direct contact and keep your handshake firm and friendly. Clearly state who you are and what you do.

　　Communication habits

　　Take a deep breath to project a firm voice. Avoid slang, and jargon, and vocal hesitations that can hinder effective communication. Use only the body movements and gestures necessary to make your point, no more. Learn how to write clearly and concisely.

[2018年12月四级翻译]2018年翻译资格英语笔译初级试题及答案

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