2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析_2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案1作文真题范文及点评Nothing Scucceeds Without a Strong Willby commenting on the humorous sayi[db:cate]

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案

1作文真题范文及点评

Nothing Scucceeds Without a Strong Willby commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the eaiest thing in the world. I"va done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part I Writing
　　Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

　　Nothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.

　　To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.

　　Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute

文章点评：
　　本文属于话题类作文，只看题目 “Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。细看题目说明中给出了提示，要求考生结合戒烟屡次不成功的幽默引语对该话题进行分析阐述。

　　总体来说，这是一篇“中等偏上”的考生作文。本文先点题指出“坚强意志”的重要性；第二段从反面举例阐述——具体描写了意志不坚定者的心理活动，阐述为什么会戒烟失败；最后从戒烟延伸到生活中的其他事情，并复述坚强意志的内涵，点题收尾。

总体上来看，文章思路清晰，采用了生动的比喻和形象的心理描写，语言流畅，用语地道。

　　但一些重复表达（如第二段和第三段中的weak will）显得单调，可用shaky ones, weak-willed persons，the strong-willed等灵活表达。在备考中，多积累不同表达，相信会写出更生动的文章。

在论述上，叙述略显罗嗦。第二段心理描写过多，虽然流畅生动，但却使这篇考场作文超过了规定字数，反而成为失分点，这一点要引以为戒。

范文高分版

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

　　As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.

　　The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.

　　So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance. Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.

点评：

　　本次四级作文探讨的话题是成功与毅力之间的关系，话题不算新，一般考生对此都比较熟悉，所以对考生来说难度不大。写好这篇作文，需要抓住两点，一是紧跟题目要求，即对上述幽默性的话语做出评论，二是在评论的基础上要亮出自己的观点。

　　范文开头第一句即一针见血地对上述幽默性话语做出总结性概括，即戒烟看似简单实则很难，随后指出该话语本质上是一个悖论，并且以一个“水滴石穿”的俗语来指出困难所在，这句也是本文的一个亮点，体现作者在西方俗语方面丰富的知识储备。

　　第二段作者则进一步深入分析该话语，指出做某事在短期看来很容易，长期来看，恰恰相反，人们做事的结果也因此总是失败，原因则在最后一句点出：缺乏毅力。

第三段作者进一步给出了自己的观点，告诉大家如何避免陷入这种两难境地：首要条件即需要坚强的意志和长期的坚持。最后再以艾默生的一句名言 “没人能够骗你远离你最终的成功，除非你自己承认失败”来总结全文，切中主题，铿锵有力。

快速阅读真题及答案

What is Integrity?

　　"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life"s hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

　　What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.

　　Risky Business

　　We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.

　　Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can"t see the risks we"re taking, we can"t make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn"t know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.

"But Everybody Does It"

　　Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they"re taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I"m not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I"m looking at another"s exam, even though I"m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that"s not cheating because I"m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we"re not doing anything wrong, we can"t see the real choice we"re making--and that leads to bad decisions.

　　To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you"d rather hide your actions, that"s a good indication that you"re rationalizing it to yourself.

　　Evaluating Risks

　　To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what"s in it for me"), and simply haven"t considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" in the class; Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren"t many things that fall in this category.

　　Getting Away With It--Or Not

　　Those who don"t get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn"t learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn"t get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn"t get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.

　Cheating Hurts Others, Too

　　Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don"t count" and don"t really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others" grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don"t cheat, I can"t compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but a cheater says, "I"m not interested in what you"re trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.

　　Why Integrity Matters

　　If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn"t put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation"s economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.

　　In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.
A) sticks to them in their daily life
B) makes them known to others
C) understands their true values
D)sees that others also follow them

2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?
A) It helps to create team spirit
B) It facilitates communication
C) It is the basis of mutual trust
D) It inspires mutual respect

3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？
A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.
C. so that we don’t break any rules.
D. so that we don’t run into trouble.

4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?
A. it has caused no harm.
B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
C. it has gone unnoticed.
D. it is committed with good intentions.

5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?
A. Avoid making excuses.
B. Listen to other people’s advice.
C. Make his intensions public.
D. Have others watch over his shoulder.

6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.
A. will often become more cautious
B. are usually very aggressive
C. value immediate benefits most.
D. may lose everything in the end

7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.
A) pay more dearly
B) become more confident
C) be widely admired
D) feel somewhat lucky
8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how tostealing a grade
9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.
10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.

听力真题及答案

Part III Listening Comprehension
　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　11.
　　W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?
　　M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?
　　Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

　　12.
　　W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?
　　W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.
　　Q: What does the man mean?

　　13.
　　W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.
　　M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.
　　Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

14.
　　W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.
　　M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.
　　Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

　　15. W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?
　　M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.
　　Q: What do we learn about the man?

　　16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.
　　W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.
　　Q: What does the woman imply?

　　17. M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.
　　W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.
　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

　　18. W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?
　　M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.
　　What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?

　Long Conversation

　　Conversation One

　　M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.
　　W: The seasons?
　　M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?
　　W: So what is it like?
　　M: Well, it is cold ,very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you’ll wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it’s always very warm, much warmer than at home. Swedish people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.
　　W: And what about the darkness?
　　M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there’s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing. But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North of Sweden the sun never sets. It’s still light in the midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.
　　W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.
　　M: Yeah, that’s right, but it’s wonderful. You won’t stay up all night. And the Swedes makes most of it often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long summer evenings. They’d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners work longer hours, but I’m not sure this is a good thing.

　　Q19: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
　　Q20: What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?
　　Q21: How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?
　　Q21: What does the man say about the Swedish people?

Conversation Two

　　W: What kind of training does one need to go into this type of job?
　　M: That’s a very good question. I don’t think there is any, specifically.
　　W: For example, in your case, what was your educational background?
　　M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nottingham. After that, I did careers work in secondary schools like the careers guidance people. Here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then progressed on to universities. So there wasn’t any plan and there was no specific training. There are plenty of training courses in management techniques and committee work which you can attend now.
　　W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.
　　M: In my time, there wasn’t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators I’ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.
　　W: Well, I know in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn’t really expect to end up doing what I am doing now.
　　M: Quite.
　　W: But you are local to Nottingham, actually? Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?
　　M: No, no, I come from the north of England, from west Yorkshire. Nottingham was one of the universities I put on my list. And I like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.
　　W: Yes, indeed. Let’s see. Were you from the industrial part of Yorkshire?
　　M: Yes, from the Woolen District.
　　Q23. What was the man’s major at university?
　　Q24: What was the man’s job in secondary schools?
　　Q25: What attracted the man to Nottingham University?

Section B
　　Passage One

　　While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form or they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes closed their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving people from other countries or members of minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.

　　Questions:
　　26, What did Obcamp’s speech focus on?
　　27, Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?
　　28, What does the speaker try to explain?

Passage Two

　　Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year. First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees the Chris hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that his boss likes Kim’s work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.

　　Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　29. What is Chris’s main responsibility at Taxlong Company?
　　30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?
　　31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?
　　32. What do we learn about Kim from the passage?

Passage Three

　　Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too. If you can accept that people from other cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to the proverb “Haste makes waste”, because patience is not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “Time is money” is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.

　　Questions 33- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　33. Why are proverbs so important?
　　34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?
　　35 What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?

Section C
　　Compound Dictation

　　Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.

　　As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.

　　Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.

　听力答案：11. ^^ask the staff 12.b ^^ TV program13.^^^^^^ missing her flight 14.at a restaurant 15^^^^of the woman 16.^^^^alow-rent apartment 17.^^^otpic more focuse 18,they didnot 19,he likes 20,the cold 21 depressing 22they work 23,french 24,careers 25,its26 the art of 27to enhance 28how listeners 29 directing 30twoofhis employee 31advancement 32sheis competing 33The help 34.Their wording 35.Some 36company 37single 38completely39vacation 40built 41ecectricity42 evidence 43journey

本次听力考试长对话第一篇难度略低与以往水平，话题关于瑞典的天气和生活方式，对话以man speaker提供信息为主，woman speaker穿针引线，所以大家集中精力听man speaker的话即可。

　　文章大意：对话先谈论了瑞典的季节，冬天异常寒冷，低至零下26度，但是室内非常温暖，所以瑞典人到了英国会抱怨室内温度低。接下来讨论了不同季节的日光长度，圣诞节期间每天只有1小时光照，而五月到七月，直到午夜还有还有日照，所以瑞典享有“The Land of Mid-night Sun”的美誉。瑞典人夏季很早上班，下午2，3点就下班，享受漫长的夏季夜晚。他们的生活方式用原文中的一句话来概述就是“They like to work hard, but play hard too.”。

　　出题点有4处，全部为细节题，第19题：“What do we learn about the man from the conversation?”，答案出现在对话开篇。第20题: “What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?”，答案出现在文中，瑞典人拜访英国会抱怨英国人的室内很冷。第21题“How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden？”，man speaker 的评论是 “a bit depressing ”. 第22题“What does the man say about the Swedish people?”，瑞典人工作努力，也很会享受盛会。

　　考场上，大家只要能follow the man speaker’s track，抓住细节，就一定会找出答案。Wish all of you good luck!

　　本次四级第二篇长对话难度不高，话题是考生很熟悉的校园学习类。从对话的语气中可以猜出是学妹在请教学长关于工作所需的教育背景。

　　考查长对话一般是看两人谈话会有几个话题，换一个话题就会相应地换一个问题。这篇考试也不例外，三个问题分别是1. 男人的专业？2. 男人在中学的工作？3.男人上诺丁汉大学的原因？1和3尤其好辨别，相信同学们做对基本的2道题是肯定没有问题的。

　　抓住了“话题转换有考题”的技巧后，再运用我们课上反复强调的“听到什么选什么”的技巧，那答案就呼之欲出了。比如1应该是French, 2 是career work, 3是campus environment.再加上我们上课教的学习场景词汇中的高频词degree, secondary school, administration, literature, campus, major。如果考生在考场上能及时激活，那文章的大意一定非常明了。

　　Passage 2 难度适中，话题是升职，属于商务工作场景，大意是Chris 作为公司的采购部的职员希望得到提升，但是遇到了同是采购部的竞争对手Kim，Kim受到领导的喜欢而且表现也不错。原文描述了Chris和Kim在公司中的表现。涉及到的常考词汇有：purchase, maintenance, interview，salary, promotion, equipment, employee, responsibility。这些词汇在听力商务场景中讲过，要求大家必背的。在阅读课上商务类文章中也讲过数次。接下来我们看看具体的题目和答案所在处。Question 29: what is Chris’s main responsibility at Texalon company? 我们课堂上说篇章一般开头30秒会有一题的答案，这题的答案在第一句话。

　　Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his division at Texalon company.

　　In charge 管理和负责的意思。Purchase采购，maintenance 维修。Question 30: what problem did Chris encounter in his division? Unfortunately, one serious problem develops during the year. Two employees that Chris hired were stealing and he had to fire them. 此题答案在文章中间部分，关键是problem 这个词。Question 31: what does Chris hope for in the near future? He would like to be promoted to the job. Promote 升职。 Would like to 想要。Question 32: what do we learn about Kim from the passage? 原文：Chris knows, however, someone else wants the new job too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another division of the company. Kim这个女人也是负责采购和维修的，她希望得到这个工作。

完形填空真题答案

Part V Cloze

　　Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery kicks in, a new survey 67.reveals.

　　Nearly half of organisations told researchers they were already struggling to find 68.staff with skills in science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM), 69.while even more companies expect to experience 70.shortages of employees with Stem skills in the next three years.

　　The Confederation of British Industry and the vocational qualifications body EDI 71.surveyed6 94 organisations across the public and 72.private sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.

　　Half are 73.concerned they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said they would not be able to 74.recruit enough employees with the right A-level skills.

　　"75.As we move further into recovery and businesses plan 76.for growth, the demand for people with high-quality skills and qualifications will 77.intensify," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI.

　　"In the future, people with qualifications in science and maths will be particularly sought after, and firms say it is already hard to find people with the right 78.technical or engineering skills. The new government must make it a top 79.priority to encourage more young people to study science-related 80.subjects."

　　The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects 81.if they studied business studies, maths, English and physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers82.rate least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don"t insist on a83.particular degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a Stem-related subject.

　　The research 84.highlighted worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK 85.workforce. Half of employers expressed worries about employees" basic literacy and numeracy skills, while the biggest problem is with IT skills, 86.where two-thirds reported concerns.

　　67.reveals

　　68.staff

　　69.while

　　70.shortages

　　71.surveyed

　　72.private

　　73.concerned

　　74.recruit

　　75.As

　　76.for

　　77.intensify

　　78.technical